Taxation for Mergers & Acquisitions

Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A) are strategic moves that enable businesses to expand, optimize resources, reduce competition, and enhance profitability. However, one of the most critical and complex aspects of any M&A transaction is taxation. Understanding the tax implications can maximize benefits, reduce liabilities, and ensure compliance with tax laws.

At Calzone, we specialize in M&A tax planning and advisory, ensuring that your deal structure is tax-efficient, legally compliant, and financially optimized.

Key Tax Consideration in Mergers & Acquisitionsy

  • Income Tax Implications
  • Capital Gains Tax Treatment
  • Tax Reliefs on Losses & Depreciation
  • Deductions for Business Expenditures
  • GST Implications on M&A Transactions
  • Transfer of Input Tax Credit (ITC) under GST

Need expert tax guidance for your M&A deal? Contact Calzone today!

Income Tax Act, 1961: Key Tax Provisions for M&A Transactions

The Income Tax Act, 1961, defines "Amalgamation" under Section 2(1B) and provides tax relief for certain transactions.

Definitions to Understand Before Proceeding with Taxation

  • Amalgamation: The merger of one or more companies into another company or the formation of a new company, where:
    • All the assets and liabilities of the amalgamating company become those of the amalgamated company.
    • At least 75% of the shareholders of the amalgamating company become shareholders of the amalgamated company.
  • Amalgamating Company: The company being merged or acquired.
  • Amalgamated Company: The company that acquires or absorbs the amalgamating company.
  • Capital Asset: Any property held by an assessee, except stock-in-trade, personal effects, and specific exclusions under Section 2(14).

Calzone ensures your M&A transaction is structured to minimize tax liability while ensuring full compliance with tax laws.

Capital Gains Tax in Mergers & Acquisitions

When Is Capital Gains Tax Exempt in an M&A Deal?

Section 47 of the Income Tax Act provides tax exemptions for certain capital asset transfers during M&A transactions.

Section

Exemption

Section 47(vi)

No capital gains tax on asset transfer by the amalgamating company to the amalgamated company, if the latter is an Indian company.

Section 47(via)

No capital gains tax for cross-border mergers where at least 25% of shareholders of the amalgamating foreign company remain in the new entity.

Section 47(vii)

No tax on transfer of shares by shareholders of the amalgamating company if they receive shares of the amalgamated Indian company in return.

Section 47(viaa)

No capital gains tax on the transfer of assets from a banking company to another banking institution during an amalgamation.

Tax Saving Tip: Ensure your merger or acquisition meets the eligibility criteria under Section 47 to avoid unnecessary capital gains tax. Calzone can help structure your transaction tax-efficiently.

Tax Relief for Losses & Depreciation (Section 72A & 72AA)

M&A deals often involve companies carrying accumulated losses and unabsorbed depreciation. The tax laws provide relief for such losses when the merger meets certain conditions.

Section

Tax Relief

Section 72A

Allows carry forward & set off of accumulated losses and unabsorbed depreciation of the amalgamating company by the amalgamated company.

Section 72AA

Similar to 72A, but applicable specifically to mergers of banking institutions and government companies.

Ensure your M&A deal qualifies under Sections 72A & 72AA to leverage tax benefits on past losses. Calzone’s tax experts can help you structure the deal strategically.

Business Expenditure Deductions for M&A Transactions

Section

Tax Deduction

Section 35(5)

Allows deduction for capital expenses on scientific research transferred during the merger.

Section 35DD

Allows 1/5th deduction of amalgamation expenses for 5 years.

Section 35D(5)

Unused preliminary expense deductions from the amalgamating company can be claimed by the amalgamated company.

Section 36(1)(vii)

Deduction allowed for bad debts of the amalgamating company taken over in the merger.

Optimize your tax benefits by strategically planning your merger. Calzone ensures you take full advantage of all deductions!

GST Implications on Mergers & Acquisitions

Under the GST Act, 2017, businesses must transfer unutilized Input Tax Credit (ITC) when merging or acquiring another entity.

How to Transfer Input Tax Credit (ITC) in M&A Transactions?

  • Section 18(4) of CGST Act allows ITC transfer only if liabilities are also transferred.
  • Rule 41 of CGST Rules lays down the procedure:
    • File Form ITC-02 to transfer ITC.
    • Submit a Chartered Accountant (CA) Certificate confirming that liabilities are transferred.
    • Transferee must accept the details on the GST portal.

Ensure seamless GST compliance in your M&A deal with Calzone’s expert tax advisory.

Why Choose Calzone for M&A Taxation?

  • Tax-Efficient Deal Structuring - We optimize mergers & acquisitions to minimize tax liabilities.
  • Regulatory Compliance - We ensure compliance with Income Tax, GST, SEBI, RBI, and Companies Act regulations.
  • Expert Capital Gains Tax Planning - Helping businesses avoid unnecessary tax burdens.
  • Seamless ITC Transfer Support - Ensuring smooth transition of unutilized tax credits.
  • Full-Spectrum M&A Advisory - From due diligence to execution, we handle it all!

Optimize your M&A deal with expert tax planning by Calzone!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

If the merger meets conditions under Section 47(vi) & (vii), no capital gains tax is applicable.

Yes, under Section 72A, accumulated losses and unabsorbed depreciation can be carried forward by the amalgamated company.

The transferor company must file ITC-02 to transfer unutilized Input Tax Credit to the new entity.

If structured correctly, an acquisition can avoid capital gains tax for both companies involved.

Yes, under Section 47(via) & (viab), cross-border mergers can qualify for tax exemptions if certain conditions are met.

Have more questions? Contact Calzone for expert M&A tax guidance today!

Maximize Your M&A Tax Benefits with Calzone

  • Mergers & Acquisitions demand careful tax planning to maximize financial gains. Whether you're acquiring a company or merging operations, Calzone ensures your deal is tax-efficient and fully compliant.
  • Let's make your M&A transaction smooth, profitable, and legally sound!
 
     
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